What is Macro Pulse?

Macro Pulse highlights recent activity and events expected to affect the U.S. economy over the next 24 months. While the review is of the entire U.S. economy its particular focus is on developments affecting the Forest Products industry. Everyone with a stake in any level of the sector can benefit from
Macro Pulse's timely yet in-depth coverage.


Tuesday, December 31, 2019

November 2019 Residential Sales, Inventory and Prices

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Sales of new single-family houses in November 2019 were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of (SAAR) 719,000 units (735,000 expected). This is 1.3 percent (±11.0 percent)* above the revised October rate of 710,000 (originally 733,000) and 16.9 percent (±19.4 percent)* above the November 2018 SAAR of 615,000 units; the not-seasonally adjusted (NSA) year-over-year comparison (shown in the table above) was +18.2%. For longer-term perspectives, NSA sales were 48.2% below the “housing bubble” peak and 0.5% below the long-term, pre-2000 average.
The median sales price of new houses sold in November rose to $330,800 ($13,900 or +4.4% MoM); meanwhile, the average sales price jumped to $388,200 ($10,300 or +2.7%). Starter homes (defined here as those priced below $200,000) comprised 9.6% of the total sold, down from the year-earlier 11.4%; prior to the Great Recession starter homes represented as much as 61% of total new-home sales. Homes priced below $150,000 made up 1.9% of those sold in November, down from 2.3% a year earlier.
* 90% confidence interval includes zero. The Census Bureau does not have sufficient statistical evidence to conclude that the actual change is different from zero. 
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As mentioned in our post about housing permits, starts and completions in November, single-unit completions increased by 39,000 units (+4.5%). Although sales ticked up (9,000 units; +1.3%) while completions fell, inventory for sale was unchanged in absolute terms but shrank in months-of-inventory (-0.1 month) terms. 
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Existing home sales retreated in November (90,000 units or -1.7%), to a SAAR of 5.35 million units. Inventory of existing homes for sale shrank in absolute (-130,000 units) and months-of-inventory (-0.2 month) terms. Because new-home sales rose while resales fell, the share of total sales comprised of new homes advanced to 11.8%. The median price of previously owned homes sold in November inched up to $271,300 ($300 or +0.1% MoM). 
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Housing affordability worsened (-1.3 percentage points) despite the median price of existing homes for sale in October falling by $800 (-0.3%; +6.2 YoY), to $273,600. Concurrently, Standard & Poor’s reported that the U.S. National Index in the S&P Case-Shiller CoreLogic Home Price indices rose at a not-seasonally adjusted monthly change of +0.1% (+3.3% YoY).
"October’s U.S. housing data continue to be reassuring,” said Craig Lazzara, Managing Director and Global Head of Index Investment Strategy at S&P Dow Jones Indices. “With October’s 3.3% increase in the national composite index, home prices are currently more than 15% above the pre-financial crisis peak reached July 2006. October’s results were broad-based, as both our 10- and 20-city composites rose. Of the 20 cities in the composite, only San Francisco saw a year-over-year price decline in October.
“At a regional level, Phoenix retains the top spot for the fifth consecutive month with October’s 5.8% year-over-year gain. The Southeast region was also strong, as Tampa, Charlotte, and Atlanta all rose by more than 4.0%.
“As was the case last month, after a long period of decelerating price increases, the national, 10-city, and 20-city composites all rose at a modestly faster rate in October compared to September. This stability was broad-based, reflecting data in 12 of 20 cities. It is, of course, still too soon to say whether this marks an end to the deceleration or is merely a pause in the longer-term trend.” 
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The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Friday, December 20, 2019

3Q2019 Gross Domestic Product: Third Estimate

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In its third estimate of 3Q2019 gross domestic product (GDP), the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) shaved the growth rate of the U.S. economy to a seasonally adjusted and annualized rate (SAAR) of +2.11% (+2.1% expected), down 0.02 percentage point (PP) from the second estimate (“3Qv2”) but +0.10PP from 2Q2019.
Two of the four groupings of GDP components -- personal consumption expenditures (PCE) and government consumption expenditures (GCE) -- contributed to 3Q growth; private domestic investment (PDI) and net exports (NetX) detracted.
Although the headline number edged down by only 0.02PP, there were two material shifts in the underlying details: First, the growth rate for consumer spending on services was revised up by 0.22PP (to +1.02%). Second, the growth rate of inventories was trimmed by a nearly offsetting -0.20PP (to -0.03%). The only other somewhat material adjustment was to the growth rate of consumer spending on goods, which was revised down by 0.08PP, to +1.09%. Other details included:
* Personal consumption came in at 2.12% whereas PDI, NetX and GCE netted out to zero, indicating the consumer was once again the driving force behind GDP.
* Fixed investment was revised modestly less negative, to -0.14% from 3Qv2’s -0.18% -- but nevertheless represented the first consecutive QoQ drop in investment since 2009.
* Nonresidential fixed investment (i.e., spending on equipment, structures and intellectual property fell by 0.31% in 3Q after a 0.14% drop in 2Q.
* Private inventories were unexpectedly revised back into negative territory, subtracting 0.03PP from the headline, after adding 0.17PP in 3Qv2.
* Net trade exerted a bit more drag (down 0.03PP, to -0.14%) compared to 3Qv2. 
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“As might be expected for a second revision, most of this report's changes can be characterized as statistical noise,” wrote Consumer Metric Institute’s Rick Davis, whose observations can be summarized as follows:
-- We have had two quarters of roughly +2% growth following [one quarter] of 3% growth during 1Q2019. The numbers have not changed materially during the last two quarters, and although we might like slightly higher growth, a steady 2% makes the U.S. economy the envy of most of the developed world.
-- Looking forward, the Fed's forecasting series are of mixed mind. The New York Fed's “Nowcasting” projection for 4Q2019 is substantially weaker and well below 1% growth, while the Atlanta Fed's "GDPNow" forecast is actually pointing modestly upward.
-- And the breathlessly reported holiday retail reports are similarly of mixed mind. Not surprisingly it seems to matter which classes of retailers are being sampled -- or perhaps more importantly, which story line or agenda is being promoted.
-- All of which does not address the fact that we have collectively entered a whole new level of political "Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt" -- just as holiday shoppers head out for their final round of hunting and gathering.
"In summary, mixed messages are all around us," Davis concluded. "By selectively choosing among those messages it is possible to build a plausible argument for just about any future economic scenario. In the end we will simply have to wait and see -- and unfortunately the wait is probably until the upcoming quarter is safely in the rear-view mirror."
The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

November 2019 Residential Permits, Starts and Completions

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Builders started construction of privately-owned housing units in November at a seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR) of 1,365,000 units (1.340 million expected). This is 3.2 percent (±10.0 percent)* above the revised October estimate of 1,323,000 (originally 1.314 million units) and 13.6 percent (±12.8 percent) above the November 2018 SAAR of 1,202,000 units; the not-seasonally adjusted YoY change (shown in the table above) was +13.5%.
Single-family housing starts were at a SAAR of 938,000; this is 2.4 percent (±5.8 percent)* above the revised October figure of 916,000 (+16.8% YoY). Multi-family starts: 427,000 units (+4.9% MoM; +7.6% YoY).
* 90% confidence interval (CI) is not statistically different from zero. The Census Bureau does not publish CIs for the entire multi-unit category. 
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Total completions were at a SAAR of 1,188,000 units. This is 6.6 percent (±8.9 percent)* below the revised October estimate of 1,272,000 (originally 1.256 million units), but 7.3 percent (±14.8 percent)* above the November 2018 SAAR of 1,107,000 units; the NSA comparison: +6.7% YoY.
Single-family completions were at a SAAR of 883,000; this is 3.6 percent (±10.0 percent)* below the revised October rate of 916,000 (+12.6% YoY). Multi-family completions: 305,000 units (-14.3% MoM; -8.8% YoY). 
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Total permits amounted to a SAAR of 1,482,000 units (1.410 million expected). This is 1.4 percent (±1.4 percent)* above the revised October rate of 1,461,000 (originally 1.461 million units) and 11.1 percent (±1.8 percent) above the November 2018 SAAR of 1,334,000 units; the NSA comparison: +5.7% YoY.
Single-family permits were at a SAAR of 918,000; this is 0.8 percent (±1.3 percent)* above the revised October figure of 911,000 (+4.1% YoY). Multi-family: 564,000 (+2.5% MoM; +8.0% YoY). 
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Builder confidence in the market for newly-built single-family homes increased five points to 76 in December off an upwardly revised November reading, according to the latest National Association of Home Builders/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index (HMI). This is the highest reading since June of 1999.
“Builders are continuing to see the housing rebound that began in the spring, supported by a low supply of existing homes, low mortgage rates and a strong labor market,” said NAHB Chairman Greg Ugalde.
“While we are seeing near-term positive market conditions with a 50-year low for the unemployment rate and increased wage growth, we are still underbuilding due to supply-side constraints like labor and land availability,” said NAHB Chief Economist Robert Dietz. “Higher development costs are hurting affordability and dampening more robust construction growth.”
The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

November 2019 Industrial Production, Capacity Utilization and Capacity

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Total industrial production (IP) and manufacturing production both rebounded 1.1% (+0.9% expected for total IP) in November after declining in October. These sharp November increases were largely due to a bounceback in the output of motor vehicles and parts following the end of a strike at a major manufacturer. Excluding motor vehicles and parts, the indexes for total industrial production and for manufacturing moved up 0.5% and 0.3%, respectively. Mining production edged down 0.2%, while the output of utilities increased 2.9%.
At 109.7% of its 2012 average, total industrial production was 0.8% lower in November than it was a year earlier. 
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Industry Groups
Manufacturing output rose 1.1% in November (NAICS manufacturing: +1.1% MoM; -0.7% YoY) after having been held down in September and October by the strike in the motor vehicle industry. An increase of 2.2% for durables primarily reflected a jump of 12.4% for motor vehicles and parts, but even excluding motor vehicles and parts, the output of durables moved up 0.6%. The indexes for primary metals and for computer and electronic products advanced 1% or more, while the indexes for nonmetallic mineral products, furniture and related products, and machinery declined modestly (wood products: +0.3%). The production of nondurables edged up 0.1%, as increases for plastics and rubber products and for food, beverages, and tobacco products were mostly offset by decreases for petroleum and coal products, for chemicals, and for apparel and leather (paper products: +0.1%). The output of other manufacturing (publishing and logging) fell 1.9%.
Mining output slipped 0.2% in November following a larger decrease in October. Declines in drilling and related support activities for oil and gas wells have weighed down the index for mining for several months. 
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Capacity utilization (CU) for the industrial sector increased 0.7 percentage point (PP) in November to 77.3%, a rate that is 2.5PP below its long-run (1972–2018) average.
Manufacturing CU increased 0.7PP in November to 75.2%, a rate that is 3.1PP below its long-run average (NAICS manufacturing: +1.0%, to 75.7%). The operating rate for durables rose 1.5PP, while the rate for nondurables edged down 0.1PP (wood products: -0.1%; paper products: +0.1%). The utilization rate for mining moved down to 88.6% yet was still 1.5PP higher than its long-run average. The rate for utilities increased 2.1PP but remained well below its long-run average. 
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Capacity at the all-industries level nudged up 0.2% (+2.1 % YoY) to 141.9% of 2012 output. Manufacturing (NAICS basis) rose fractionally (+0.1% MoM; +1.4% YoY) to 140.1%. Wood products: +0.3% (+4.1% YoY) to 168.6%; paper products: 0.0% (-0.3 % YoY) to 109.7%.
The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Thursday, December 12, 2019

November 2019 Consumer and Producer Price Indices (incl. Forest Products)

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The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) rose 0.3% in November (+0.2% expected), after rising 0.4% in October. Increases in the shelter and energy indexes were major factors in the seasonally adjusted monthly increase of the all items index. Increases in the indexes for medical care, for recreation, and for food also contributed to the overall increase. The gasoline index rose 1.1% in November and the other major energy component indexes also increased. The food index rose 0.1%, with the indexes for both food at home and food away from home increasing over the month.
The index for all items less food and energy rose 0.2% in November, the same increase as in October. Along with the indexes for shelter, for medical care, and for recreation, the indexes for used cars and trucks and for apparel also rose in November. The new vehicles index fell in November, as did the index for airline fares.
The all items index increased 2.1% for the 12 months ending November, a larger rise than the 1.8% increase for the period ending October. The index for all items less food and energy rose 2.3% over the last 12 months. The food index rose 2.0% over the last l2 months, while the energy index declined 0.6% over the last year.
The Producer Price Index for final demand (PPI-FD) was unchanged in November (+0.2% expected). Final demand prices increased 0.4% in October and fell 0.3% in September. In November, a 0.3% rise in prices for final demand goods offset a 0.3% decrease in the index for final demand services.
The final demand index advanced 1.1% for the 12 months ended in November. The index for final demand less foods, energy, and trade services was unchanged in November after inching up 0.1% in October. For the 12 months ended in November, prices for final demand less foods, energy, and trade services moved up 1.3%, the smallest advance since climbing 1.3% in the 12 months ended September 2016.
Final Demand
Final demand goods: The index for final demand goods increased 0.3% in November following a 0.7% advance in October. Half of the broad-based rise in November is attributable to a 1.1% advance in prices for final demand foods. The indexes for final demand energy and for final demand goods less foods and energy moved up 0.6% and 0.2%, respectively.
Product detail: A major factor in the increase in prices for final demand goods was the index for meats, which climbed 3.9%. Prices for gasoline, chicken eggs, diesel fuel, fresh and dry vegetables, and tobacco products also moved higher. In contrast, the index for residential electric power fell 0.6%. Prices for unprocessed finfish and industrial chemicals also declined.
Final demand services: The index for final demand services moved down 0.3% in November, the largest decrease since falling 0.3% in February 2017. Over two-thirds of the broad-based decline in November can be traced to margins for final demand trade services, which decreased 0.6%. (Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.) Prices for final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing and for final demand transportation and warehousing services fell 0.1% and 0.3%, respectively.
Product detail: Margins for food wholesaling, which dropped 5.0%, were a major factor in the November decline in prices for final demand services. The indexes for hospital outpatient care; machinery and vehicle wholesaling; airline passenger services; professional and commercial equipment wholesaling; and securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services also moved lower. Conversely, prices for traveler accommodation services increased 2.6%. The indexes for machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling and for long-distance motor carrying also rose. 
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The not-seasonally adjusted price indexes we track were mixed on both MoM and YoY bases. 
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The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Sunday, December 8, 2019

October 2019 International Trade (Softwood Lumber)

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Softwood lumber exports increased (7 MMBF or +6.4%) in October; imports fell (16 MMBF or -1.2%). Exports were 42 MMBF (-27.5%) below year-earlier levels; imports were 61 MMBF (-4.7%) lower. As a result, the year-over-year (YoY) net export deficit was 20 MMBF (-1.7%) smaller. Also, the average net export deficit for the 12 months ending October 2019 was 4.0% smaller than the average of the same months a year earlier (the “YoY MA(12) % Chng” series shown in the graph above). 
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North America (48.8%; of which Canada: 26.1%; Mexico: 22.7%) and Asia (26.4%; especially China: 6.2%; and Japan: 7.0%) were the primary destinations for U.S. softwood lumber exports; the Caribbean ranked third with a 17.8% share. Year-to-date (YTD) exports to China were -62.1% relative to the same months in 2018. Meanwhile, Canada was the source of most (89.0%) of softwood lumber imports into the United States. Imports from Canada were 4.6% lower YTD than the same months in 2018. Overall, YTD exports were down 23.3% compared to 2018; imports: -4.7%. 
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U.S. softwood lumber export activity through the West Coast customs region represented the largest proportion (36.4% of the U.S. total), followed by the Eastern (26.7%) and Gulf (25.8%) regions. Seattle (21.1% of the U.S. total) maintained the lead over Mobile (15.4%) as the single most-active district. At the same time, Great Lakes customs region handled 62.2% of softwood lumber imports -- most notably the Duluth, MN district (23.6%) -- coming into the United States. 
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Southern yellow pine comprised 25.9% of all softwood lumber exports, Douglas-fir (17.4%) and treated lumber (11.5%) were also significant. Southern pine exports were down 37.8% YTD relative to 2018, while treated: -25.4%; Doug-fir: -5.2%.
The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Friday, December 6, 2019

November 2019 Employment Report

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The Bureau of Labor Statistics’ (BLS) establishment survey showed non-farm payroll employment rising by 266,000 jobs in November (+180,000 expected). Also, combined September and October employment gains were revised up by 41,000 (September: +13,000; October: +28,000). Meanwhile, the unemployment rate (based upon the BLS’s household survey) edged back to 3.5% as growth in the number of employed persons (+83,000) was more than double the expansion of the labor force (+40,000). 
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Observations from the employment reports include:
* The establishment (+266,000 jobs) and household survey results (+83,000 employed) were at least directionally consistent in November. Had average (since 2009) November CES (business birth/death model) and seasonal adjustments been used, job gains might have been an even more robust +404,000.
* Manufacturing expanded by 54,000 jobs in November. That result counters the Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) manufacturing employment sub-index, which contracted at a faster pace in November. Wood Products employment added 200 jobs (ISM decreased); Paper and Paper Products: -700 (ISM increased); Construction: +1,000 (ISM decreased). 
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* The number of employment-age persons not in the labor force (NILF) was little changed (+135,000) at 95.6 million. This metric has leveled off since the latter half of 2018. Meanwhile, the employment-population ratio (EPR) was stable at 61.0% -- its highest level since December 2008; roughly, then, for every five people being added to the working-age population, three are employed. 
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* With growth in the labor force less than one-fourth that of the working-age civilian population, the labor force participation rate decreased fractionally to 63.2%. Average hourly earnings of all private employees rose by $.0.07, to $28.29, resulting in a 3.1% year-over-year increase. For all production and nonsupervisory employees (pictured above), hourly wages rose by $0.07, to $23.83 (+3.7% YoY). Because the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.4 hours, average weekly earnings increased by $2.41, to $973.18 (+2.9% YoY). With the consumer price index running at an annual rate of 1.8% in October, workers are maintaining purchasing power according to official metrics. 
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* Full-time jobs edged up by 17,000, to a new record. Those employed part time for economic reasons (shown in the graph above) -- e.g., slack work or business conditions, or could find only part-time work -- fell by 116,000. Those working part time for non-economic reasons declined by 15,000 while multiple-job holders fell by 15,000. 
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For a “sanity test” of the employment numbers, we consult employment withholding taxes published by the U.S. Treasury. Although “noisy” and highly seasonal, the data show the amount withheld in November increased by $2.8 billion, to $200.5 billion (+1.4% MoM; +7.7% YoY and +4.3% YTD). To reduce some of the monthly volatility and determine broader trends, we average the most recent three months of data and estimate a percentage change from the same months in the previous year. The average of the three months ending November was 7.2% above the year-earlier average -- well off the peak of +13.8% set back in September 2013.
The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Thursday, December 5, 2019

October 2019 Manufacturers’ Shipments, Inventories, and New & Unfilled Orders

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According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the value of manufactured-goods shipments in October increased less than $0.1 billion or virtually unchanged to $500.2 billion. Durable goods shipments decreased less than $0.1 billion or virtually unchanged to $251.6 billion, led by transportation equipment. Meanwhile, nondurable goods shipments increased $0.1 billion or virtually unchanged to $248.6 billion, led by petroleum and coal products. Shipments of wood products rose by 0.5% while paper edged down 0.1%. 
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Inventories increased $0.9 billion or 0.1% to $698.8 billion. The inventories-to-shipments ratio was 1.40, unchanged from September. Inventories of durable goods increased $1.6 billion or 0.4% to $432.2 billion, led by transportation equipment. Nondurable goods inventories decreased $0.7 billion or 0.3% to $266.6 billion, led by food products. Inventories of wood products expanded 0.1%; paper: -0.2%. 
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New orders increased $1.4 billion or 0.3% to $497.0 billion. Excluding transportation, new orders rose by 0.2% (-1.3% YoY). Durable goods orders increased $1.3 billion or 0.5% to $248.4 billion, led by transportation equipment. New orders for non-defense capital goods excluding aircraft -- a proxy for business investment spending -- jumped by 1.1% (-0.5% YoY). New orders for nondurable goods increased $0.1 billion or virtually unchanged to $248.6 billion.
As can be seen in the graph above, real (inflation-adjusted) new orders were essentially flat between early 2012 and mid-2014, recouping on average less than 70% of the losses incurred since the beginning of the Great Recession. The recovery in real new orders is back to just 50% of the ground given up in the Great Recession. 
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Unfilled durable-goods orders increased $1.0 billion or 0.1% to $1,164.3 billion, led by transportation equipment. The unfilled orders-to-shipments ratio was 6.67, down from 6.70 in September. Real unfilled orders, which had been a good litmus test for sector growth, show a less positive picture; in real terms, unfilled orders in June 2014 were back to 97% of their December 2008 peak. Real unfilled orders then jumped to 102% of the prior peak in July 2014, thanks to the largest-ever batch of aircraft orders. Since then, however, real unfilled orders have been trending sideways-to-down.
The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

November 2019 Monthly Average Crude Oil Price

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The monthly average U.S.-dollar price of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil rose by $3.01 (+5.6%), to $56.97 per barrel in November. The increase occurred within the context of a marginally weaker U.S. dollar (broad trade-weighted index basis, which now accounts for the value of both goods and services), the lagged impacts of an 841,000 barrel-per-day (BPD) drop in the amount of petroleum products supplied during September (to 20.2 million BPD), and a moderate rise in accumulated oil stocks (November average: 449 million barrels). 
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From the 2 December 2019 issue of Peak Oil Review:
OPEC oil output fell in November as Angolan production has slipped due to maintenance and Saudi Arabia kept a lid on supply to support the market before the initial public offering of state-owned Saudi Aramco in December.  Renewal of the OPEC+ production cut is becoming controversial.  At a cartel meeting scheduled for this week, Saudi Arabia will likely tell fellow producers in the pact that the Kingdom would no longer tolerate and compensate for cheating on assigned production quotas according to people with knowledge of the current Saudi position.
While other members in the cartel, notably Iraq and Nigeria, have repeatedly exceeded their respective production caps by more than 100,000 b/d, Saudi Arabia has not only stuck with its share of the cuts, but has also over complied by more than 400,000 b/d-bringing the total reduction of the Kingdom to more than 700,000 b/d in recent months.  The Saudis are pressuring non-compliant cartel members to fall in line with their share of the cuts, instead of pushing aggressively for a deeper overall cut to rebalance the market.  Deeper cuts likely would mean the Saudis would have to take the lion's share of cuts, again.
Moscow too has problems with extending the OPEC+ cut at this time.  Russian oil companies prefer to keep their production restriction quotas until March, when the current OPEC+ cuts expire, and discuss an extension then, signaling that Russian producers don't want deeper cuts or any major changes to the pact at this week's meeting.
Russian energy minister Novak said Thursday that Russia is preparing calculations to exclude condensate from its OPEC+ quota but has so far yet to take a decision.  He said Russian natural gas condensate output would increase as new gas production came on stream, and as it is not exported, it should not be included in the deal.  Under the current OPEC+ agreement, Russia committed to cut around 230,000 b/d from its October 2018 crude and condensate output of 11.42 million b/d.  Compliance has fluctuated significantly this year, with Russia over-complying for a few months in the summer due to the Druzhba pipeline contamination.  Since August it has failed to comply, however.  Novak said last week that producers are planning to comply in November.
The major forecasters see an oil supply surplus next year, but those bearish outlooks largely depend on the growth of US shale oil production in 2020.  Financial struggles in the US shale industry are well-known.  As Bloomberg reported, some drillers have recently seen their credit lines reduced, limiting their access to fresh capital.  Twice a year, in the spring and fall, banks reassess their credit lines to shale drillers and decide how much they will authorize companies to borrow.  This time around is expected to be the first time in roughly three years that lenders tighten up lending capacities.
In 2019 through the third quarter, 32 oil and gas drillers filed for bankruptcy, according to Haynes and Boone.  Since the end of September, several other drillers have filed too, including last Monday, natural gas producer Approach Resources.  This pushed the total number of bankruptcy filings of oil and gas drillers from the beginning of 2015 to over 200. 
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The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

November 2019 ISM and Markit Surveys

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The Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) monthly sentiment survey showed that in November, U.S. manufacturing contracted at a marginally faster pace. The PMI registered 48.1%, down 0.2 percentage point (PP) from the October reading. (50% is the breakpoint between contraction and expansion.) ISM’s manufacturing survey represents under 10% of U.S. employment and about 20% of the overall economy. New orders (-1.9PP), employment (-1.1PP), order backlogs (-1.1PP) and exports (-2.5PP) all fell further into negative territory. 
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The pace of growth in the non-manufacturing sector -- which accounts for 80% of the economy and 90% of employment -- decelerated (-0.8PP, to 53.9%). Although growth in business activity slowed dramatically (-5.4PP), new orders (+1.5PP), employment (+1.8PP) and exports (+2.0PP) all rose. Meanwhile, imports (-3.5PP) contracted further. 
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Of the industries we track, only Paper Products and Real Estate expanded. Respondent comments included the following:
Wood Products -- "Markets have downshifted further. The continued confusion surrounding China trade has kept export markets on edge. Profits are elusive. Cash-flow planning is paramount. The general economy is slowing down."
Construction -- "Activity is still up in all areas, but primarily in commercial construction."

Relevant commodities:
Priced higher -- Lumber products.
Priced lower -- None.
Prices mixed -- None.
In short supply -- Construction contractors and subcontractors; and labor (construction and temporary).

As has become common in recent months, findings of IHS Markit’s November surveys were mixed relative to their ISM counterparts.
Manufacturing -- November PMI at seven-month high amid stronger upturn in new orders
Key findings:
* Output and new order growth rates improve to 10-month highs
* Fastest rise in employment since March...
* ...but business confidence remains subdued

Services -- Business activity growth strengthens in November
Key findings:
* Faster, albeit only marginal, rise in output
* Renewed increase in new business
* Optimism remains historically subdued

Commentary by Chris Williamson, Markit’s chief business economist:
Manufacturing -- "A third consecutive monthly rise in the PMI indicates that US manufacturing continues to pull out of its soft patch. New orders and production are rising at the fastest rates since January, encouraging increasing numbers of firms to take on more workers. Exports are also back on a rising trend, firms are buying more inputs and rebuilding inventories, adding to the signs of improvement.
"Some caution is needed, as these improved survey numbers merely translate into very subdued growth in comparable official gauges of manufacturing production and factory payrolls. Business sentiment also remains worryingly subdued, with expectations about future output growth well down on earlier in the year and running at one of the lowest levels seen since comparable data were first available in 2012.
"Firms remain very concerned about the disruptive effects of tariffs and trade wars in particular, both in terms of rising prices and weakened demand, though the survey also saw further worries among manufacturers that the economy could slow in the upcoming presidential election year as customers delay spending and investment decisions."

Services -- “With both services and manufacturing reporting stronger rates of expansion, the November PMI surveys indicate the fastest pace of economic growth for four months. The improvement is coming from a low base, however, and even at these higher levels the survey is merely indicative of annualized GDP growth in the region of 1.5%.
“Similarly, while reviving order book growth has encouraging more companies to take on extra staff after two months of net job losses being reported, the survey’s employment index continued to run at a level consistent with monthly jobs growth of only around 100,000.
"Weakened business activity and jobs growth compared to earlier in the year also led to widespread caution with respect to pushing up selling prices in the face of an uncertain outlook. Business expectations for the year ahead continue to run at one of the lowest levels recorded by the survey since 2012 with firms worried about trade wars, slowing economic growth at home and abroad, as well as the possibility of next year’s election cycle causing customers to postpone spending decisions.”

Commenting on the J.P.Morgan Global Composite PMI, Olya Borichevska, from Global Economic Research at J.P.Morgan, said:
“The rate of global economic expansion improved in November, according to the latest PMI surveys. The more encouraging aspect of the November report is the continued increase in the manufacturing PMI. While the services activity PMI also increased last month, the trend in the series remains down. We take comfort in the large jump in the employment PMI following more than six months of sharp declines. While the early signs are that the economy is positioned to strengthen, the drags provided by international trade and low confidence suggest progress will remain slow overall.”
The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

November 2019 Currency Exchange Rates

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In November the monthly average value of the U.S. dollar (USD) appreciated versus Canada’s “loonie” (+0.4%), euro (+0.1%) and yen (+0.7%). On the broad trade-weighted index basis (goods and services), however, the USD lost 0.2% against a basket of 26 currencies. 
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The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.