What is Macro Pulse?

Macro Pulse highlights recent activity and events expected to affect the U.S. economy over the next 24 months. While the review is of the entire U.S. economy its particular focus is on developments affecting the Forest Products industry. Everyone with a stake in any level of the sector can benefit from
Macro Pulse's timely yet in-depth coverage.


Tuesday, May 31, 2022

April 2022 Residential Sales, Inventory and Prices

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Sales of new single-family houses in April 2022 were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR) of 591,000 units (750,000 expected). This is 16.6% (±10.4%) below the revised March rate of 709,000 (originally 763,000 units) and 26.9% (±13.7%) below the April 2021 SAAR of 809,000 units; the not-seasonally adjusted (NSA) year-over-year comparison (shown in the table above) was -28.4%. For longer-term perspectives, NSA sales were 57.5% below the “housing bubble” peak but 1.4% above the long-term, pre-2000 average.

The median sales price of new houses sold in April rose by 3.6% (+$15,100), to a new record of $450,600.  The average sales price jumped by 9.1% (+$47,800), to a record-high $570,300. Homes priced at/above $750,000 were 15.1% of sales, up from the year-earlier 6.8%.

* 90% confidence interval includes zero. The Census Bureau does not have sufficient statistical evidence to conclude that the actual change is different from zero.

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As mentioned in our post about housing permits, starts and completions in April, single-unit completions declined by 52,000 units (-4.9%). Sales retreated (118,000 units; -16.6%), resulting in inventory for sale expanding in both absolute (34,000 units) and months-of-inventory (+2.1 month) terms. 

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Existing home sales retreated in April (140,000 units or -2.4%) to a SAAR of 5.61 million units (5.65 million expected). Inventory of existing homes for sale expanded in absolute (+100,000 units) and months-of-inventory (+0.3 month) terms. Because new home sales retreated by a larger margin than resales, the share of total sales comprised of new homes dropped to 9.5%. The median price of previously owned homes sold in April advanced to a record $391,200 ($16,400 or +4.4% MoM).

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Housing affordability dropped (10.6 index points) as the median price of existing homes for sale in March rose by $16,000 (+4.4% MoM; +15.2 YoY), to $382,000. Concurrently, Standard & Poor’s reported that the U.S. National Index in the S&P Case-Shiller CoreLogic Home Price indices rose at a not-seasonally adjusted monthly change of +2.6% (+20.6% YoY).

“Those of us who have been anticipating a deceleration in the growth rate of U.S. home prices will have to wait at least a month longer,” said Craig Lazzara, Managing Director at S&P DJI. “The National Composite Index recorded a gain of 20.6% for the 12 months ended March 2022; the 10- and 20-City Composites rose 19.5% and 21.2%, respectively. For both National and 20-City Composites, March’s reading was the highest year-over-year price change in more than 35 years of data, with the 10-City growth rate at the 99th percentile of its own history.

“The strength of the Composite indices suggests very broad strength in the housing market, which we continue to observe. All 20 cities saw double-digit price increases for the 12 months ended in March, and price growth in 17 cities accelerated relative to February’s report. March’s price increase ranked in the top quintile of historical experience for every city, and in the top decile for 19 of them.

“For the first time in nearly three years, the city with the most rapid growth in housing prices was not Phoenix. In March, Tampa led all cities with a gain of 34.8%, with Phoenix (32.4%) and Miami (32.0%) taking silver and bronze honors. As was the case last month, prices were strongest in the South (+29.8%) and Southeast (+29.6%), with every region continuing to show impressive gains.

“Mortgages are becoming more expensive as the Federal Reserve has begun to ratchet up interest rates, suggesting that the macroeconomic environment may not support extraordinary home price growth for much longer. Although one can safely predict that price gains will begin to decelerate, the timing of the deceleration is a more difficult call.”

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The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Thursday, May 26, 2022

1Q2022 Gross Domestic Product: Second Estimate

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In its second estimate of 1Q2022 gross domestic product (GDP), the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) reduced the growth rate of the U.S. economy to a seasonally adjusted and annualized rate (SAAR) of -1.51% (-1.3% expected), down 0.09 percentage point (PP) from the “advance” estimate (“1Qv1”) and -8.40PP from 4Q2021.

As with 1Qv1, two groupings of GDP components -- personal consumption expenditures (PCE) and private domestic investment (PDI) -- made positive contributions to the 1Q headline that were more than offset by net exports (NetX) and government consumption expenditures (GCE). As for details:

PCE. Contribution to 1Q headline: +2.09PP; +0.33PP from 4Q and +0.26PP from 1Qv1. Spending on goods was revised up by $2.2 billion (nominal), led by motor vehicles and parts (+$10.1B). Spending on services was bumped higher (+$12.4B), led by expenditures of nonprofit institutions serving households (+$8.9B).

PDI. Contribution to 1Q headline: +0.10PP; -5.72PP from 4Q and -0.33PP from 1Qv1. PDI was revised down by $14.6B, led by private inventories (-$13.2B) and augmented by residential fixed investment (-$4.1B). Those declines were nearly offset by upward revisions to software (+$15.0B).

NetX. Contribution to 1Q headline: -3.23PP; -3.00PP from 4Q and -0.03PP from 1Qv1. Exports were revised up by $3.7B, led by goods (+$3.3B). However, imports were also increased by a much-larger $8.5B, led by goods (+$6.1B). Recall that changes in imports are inversely correlated with changes to the GDP headline.

GCE. Contribution to 1Q headline: -0.47PP; -0.01PP from 4Q and +0.01PP from 1Qv1. GCE was revised higher (+$6.2B), led by state and local government spending (+$5.1B).

The BEA’s real final sales of domestic product -- which ignores inventories -- was revised to -0.42% (+0.16PP from 1Qv1), a level 1.99PP below the 4Q estimate. 

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Consumer Metric Institute’s Rick Davis provided key takeaways of the report:

-- The economy is likely performing materially worse than this report indicates. The BEA has not had to correct for this level of inflation for over 40 years, and it is evidently not very good at doing so. Davis’ observation is in response to the BEA using a GDP deflator of 8.15%, lower than the 1Q CPI reading of 9.2%.

-- The huge inventory buildup that grossly distorted the 4Q2021 report (remember the media’s euphoria over the phenomenal +6.90% headline growth?) has neutralized, but the inevitable inventory draw down has only just begun.

-- Foreign trade removed 3.23% from the headline number. Given the current global economic picture, that is unlikely to improve anytime soon.

-- Household disposable income is getting hammered while the prices of gasoline, food and shelter are soaring. Consumer spending will eventually hit a wall when household “rainy day” funds dry up.

“This is setting up a long and hot summer of public discontent -- just in time to further fuel voter angst heading into the 2022 mid-term elections,” Davis concluded.

The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Wednesday, May 18, 2022

April 2022 Residential Permits, Starts and Completions

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Builders started construction of privately-owned housing units in April at a seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR) of 1,724,000 units (1.765 million expected).  This is 0.2% (±8.7%)* below the revised March estimate of 1,728,000 (originally 1.793 million units), but 14.6% (±14.2%) above the April 2021 SAAR of 1,505,000 units; the not-seasonally adjusted YoY change (shown in the table above) was +14.1%.. 

Single-family housing starts in April were at a rate of 1,100,000 units (+3.8% YoY). Multi-family: 624,000 units (+15.3% MoM; +40.2% YoY).

* 90% confidence interval (CI) is not statistically different from zero. The Census Bureau does not publish CIs for the entire multi-unit category.

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Total completions were at a SAAR of 1,295,000 units.  This is 5.1% (±11.5%)* below the revised March estimate of 1,365,000 (originally 1.303 million units) and 8.6% (±7.5%) below the April 2021 SAAR of 1,417,000 units; the NSA comparison: -8.0% YoY. 

Single-family housing completions were at a SAAR of 1,001,000; this is 4.9% (±14.1%)* below the revised March rate of 1,053,000 units (+1.4% YoY). Multi-family: 294,000 units (-5.8% MoM; -30.1% YoY).

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Total permits were at a SAAR of 1,819,000 units (1.815 million expected).  This is 3.2% below the revised March rate of 1,879,000 (originally 1.873 million units) but 3.1% above the April 2021 SAAR of 1,765,000 units; the NSA comparison: -2.7% YoY.

Single-family permits were at a SAAR of 1,110,000 units (-9.3% YoY). Multi-family: 709,000 units (-1.0% MoM; +11.1% YoY).

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In a sign that the housing market is now slowing, builder confidence took a steep drop in May as growing affordability challenges in the form of rapidly rising interest rates, double-digit price increases for material costs and ongoing home price appreciation are taking a toll on buyer demand. Builder confidence in the market for newly built single-family homes fell eight points to 69 in May, according to the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB)/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index (HMI). This is the fifth straight month that builder sentiment has declined and the lowest reading since June 2020.

“Housing leads the business cycle and housing is slowing,” said NAHB Chairman Jerry Konter. “The White House is finally getting the message and yesterday released an action plan to address rising housing costs that emphasizes a very important element long-advocated by NAHB -- the need to build more homes to ease the nation’s housing affordability crisis.”

“The housing market is facing growing challenges,” said NAHB Chief Economist Robert Dietz. “Building material costs are up 19% from a year ago, in less than three months mortgage rates have surged to a 12-year high and based on current affordability conditions, less than 50% of new and existing home sales are affordable for a typical family. Entry-level and first-time home buyers are especially bearing the brunt of this rapid rise in mortgage rates.”

The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Tuesday, May 17, 2022

April 2022 Industrial Production, Capacity Utilization and Capacity

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In April, total industrial production (IP) increased 1.1% (+0.4% expected) -- the fourth consecutive month of gains of 0.8% or greater -- and manufacturing output rose 0.8%. The index for utilities moved up 2.4%, and the index for mining advanced 1.6%. At 105.6% of its 2017 average, total industrial production in April was 6.4% above its year-earlier level. 

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Industry Groups

Manufacturing output rose 0.8% in April and was 5.8% above its year-earlier level (NAICS manufacturing: +0.8% MoM; +6.0% YoY). The indexes for durable and nondurable manufacturing increased 1.1% and 0.3%, respectively, while the output of other manufacturing (publishing and logging) moved up 0.9%. Excluding an increase of 3.9% in the production of motor vehicles and parts, factory output rose 0.5%.

In April, most durable goods industries posted gains (wood products: +1.1%), with only nonmetallic mineral products; electrical equipment, appliances, and components; and furniture and related products recording losses. Within nondurables, only food, beverage, and tobacco products posted a notable increase (0.9%), and only plastics and rubber products posted a notable decrease (0.8%); the indexes for most other industries were little changed (paper: 0.0%).

The gain in utilities in April reflected increases of 2.1% and 4.4%, respectively, for electric utilities and natural gas utilities. Mining output rose more than 1-1/2% for a second consecutive month. The index for mining in April was 8.6% above its year-earlier level but still 3.8% below its pre-pandemic (February 2020) level.

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Capacity utilization (CU) climbed to 79.0%, a rate that is 0.5 percentage point (PP) below its long-run (1972–2021) average.

Manufacturing CU increased 0.6PP in April to 79.2%—the highest level since April 2007—and was above its long-run average by 1.1PP (NAICS manufacturing: +0.7%, to 79.5%; wood products: +0.9%; paper: +0.1%). The operating rate for mining rose 1.1PP to 80.1%, and the operating rate for utilities moved up 1.6PP to 77.0%. Both rates remained well below their long-run averages.

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Capacity at the all-industries level increased by 0.1% MoM (+0.7% YoY) to 133.7% of 2017 output. NAICS manufacturing also edged up by less than 0.0% (+0.5% YoY) to 130.9%. Wood products: +0.2% (+0.8% YoY) to 124.1%; paper: -0.1% (+0.4% YoY) to 113.7%.

The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Friday, May 13, 2022

March 2022 International Trade (Softwood Lumber)

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With March exports of goods and services at a record $241.7 billion (+5.6% MoM; +17.7% YoY) and imports at an all-time-high $351.5 billion (+10.3% MoM; +27.0% YoY), the net trade deficit was $109.8 billion (+22.3% MoM; +53.8% YoY), exceeding $100 billion for the first time. 

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Softwood lumber exports were virtually unchanged (+1 MMBF or 1.0%) in March, but imports jumped (179 MMBF or +14.8%). Exports were 6 MMBF (5.8%) above year-earlier levels; imports were 69 MMBF (4.7%) lower. As a result, the year-over-year (YoY) net export deficit was 75 MMBF (5.5%) smaller. Also, the average net export deficit for the 12 months ending March 2022 was 1.8% lower than the average of the same months a year earlier (the “YoY MA(12) % Chng” series shown in the lumber-trade graph above).

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North America (60.9% of total softwood lumber exports; of which Mexico: 30.6%; Canada: 30.3%), Asia (12.5%; especially Japan: 30.5%; and Pakistan: 1.6%), and the Caribbean: 20.4% especially the Dominican Republic: 6.2%) were the primary destinations for U.S. softwood lumber exports. Year-to-date (YTD) exports to China (1.8% of U.S. total) were -53.0% relative to the same month of the prior year. Meanwhile, Canada was the source of most (82.9%) softwood lumber imports into the United States. Imports from Canada were 9.4% lower YTD/YTD. Overall, YTD exports were up 10.2% compared to the prior year; imports: -5.9%.

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U.S. softwood lumber export activity through the West Coast customs region represented 34.7% of the U.S. total; Gulf: 27.2%, and Eastern: 25.1%. Seattle (16.4% of the U.S. total), Mobile (10.9%), San Diego (14.8%) and Laredo (8.2%) were among the most active districts. At the same time, Great Lakes customs region handled 53.9% of softwood lumber imports -- most notably the Duluth, MN district (20.6%) -- coming into the United States. 

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Southern yellow pine comprised 17.7% of all softwood lumber exports; Douglas-fir (18.6%), treated lumber (14.8%), other pine (9.4%) and finger-jointed (10.4%) were also significant. Southern pine exports were down 13.2% YTD/YTD, while Doug-fir: +28.8%; and treated: +27.3%.

The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Thursday, May 12, 2022

April 2022 Consumer and Producer Price Indices (incl. Forest Products)

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Consumer Price Index

The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) increased 0.3% in April (+0.2% expected) after rising 1.2% in March. Increases in the indexes for shelter, food, airline fares, and new vehicles were the largest contributors to the seasonally adjusted all-items increase. The food index rose 0.9% over the month as the food at home index rose 1.0%. The energy index declined in April after rising in recent months. The index for gasoline fell 6.1% over the month, offsetting increases in the indexes for natural gas and electricity.

The index for all items less food and energy rose 0.6% in April following a 0.3% advance in March. Along with indexes for shelter, airline fares, and new vehicles, the indexes for medical care, recreation, and household furnishings and operations all increased in April. The indexes for apparel, communication, and used cars and trucks all declined over the month.

The all-items index increased 8.3% for the 12 months ending April, a smaller increase than the 8.5% figure for the period ending in March. The all-items less food and energy index rose 6.2% over the last 12 months. The energy index rose 30.3% over the last year, and the food index increased 9.4%, the largest 12-month increase since the period ending April 1981.

 

Producer Price Index

The Producer Price Index for final demand (PPI-FD) increased 0.5% in April (+0.5% expected). This rise followed advances of 1.6% in March and 1.1% in February. On an unadjusted basis, final demand prices moved up 11.0% for the 12 months ended in April.

In April, the rise in the index for final demand is primarily attributable to a 1.3% advance in prices for final demand goods. The index for final demand construction increased 4.0%, while prices for final demand services were unchanged.

Prices for final demand less foods, energy, and trade services moved up 0.6% in April after increasing 0.9% in March. For the 12 months ended in April, the index for final demand less foods, energy, and trade services rose 6.9%.

Final Demand

Final demand goods: The index for final demand goods moved up 1.3% in April, the fourth consecutive rise. More than half of the broad-based increase in April can be traced to a 1.0% advance in prices for final demand goods less foods and energy. The indexes for final demand energy and for final demand foods also moved higher, 1.7% and 1.5%, respectively.

Product detail: Among prices for final demand goods in April, the index for motor vehicles and equipment advanced 0.8%. Prices for diesel fuel, chicken eggs, jet fuel, electric power, and residential natural gas also increased. Conversely, the index for gasoline fell 3.2%. Prices for fresh and dry vegetables and for carbon steel scrap also decreased.

Final demand services: The index for final demand services was unchanged in April after increasing 1.2% in March. In April, prices for final demand transportation and warehousing services rose 3.6%. In contrast, the indexes for final demand trade services and for final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing declined 0.5% and 0.1%, respectively. (Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.)

Product detail: Within the index for final demand services in April, prices for truck transportation of freight rose 4.4%. The indexes for automotive fuels and lubricants retailing, transportation of passengers (partial), hospital outpatient care, and loan services (partial) also increased. Conversely, margins for health, beauty, and optical goods retailing declined 1.3%. The indexes for portfolio management, guestroom rental, hospital inpatient care, and furniture retailing also moved lower.

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The not-seasonally adjusted price indexes we track were mixed on both MoM and YoY bases.

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The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Saturday, May 7, 2022

April 2022 Employment Report

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The Bureau of Labor Statistics‘ (BLS) establishment survey showed nonfarm employers added 428,000 jobs in April, exceeding the 400,000 expected. However, February and March employment changes were revised down by a combined 39,000 (February: -36,000; March: -3,000). Meanwhile, the unemployment rate (based upon the BLS’s household survey) was stable at 3.6%, as the change in the number of employed (-353,000) roughly matched the drop in the civilian labor force (-363,000). 

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Observations from the employment reports include:

* Once again, the correspondence between the establishment (+428,000 jobs) and household surveys (-353,000 employed) was poor.

* Goods-producing industries added 66,000 jobs; service-providers: +362,000. Job gains were widespread, with the largest gains occurring in leisure and hospitality (+78,000), manufacturing (+55,000), and in transportation and warehousing (+52,000). The only sector showing a significant job loss was the federal government (-6,000), of which 1,100 were U.S. Postal Service workers. Overall, nonfarm employment is down by 1.2 million, or 0.8 percent, from its pre-pandemic level in February 2020.

As mentioned above, manufacturing added 55,000 jobs. That result is at odds with the change in the Institute for Supply Management’s (ISM) manufacturing employment sub-index, which nearly stalled out in April. Wood products employment rose by 3,600 (ISM was unchanged); paper and paper products: +1,300 (ISM fell); construction: +2,000 (ISM increased).

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* The number of employment-age persons not in the labor force rose (+478,000) to 99.5 million; that level is 4.5 million higher than in February 2020. With the labor force contracting, the employment-population ratio (EPR) edged down to 60.0%; also, the EPR is 1.2PP below the February 2020 level. 

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* Because the civilian labor force shrank by 363,000 in April, the labor force participation rate retreated to 62.2%. Average hourly earnings of all private employees increased by $0.10 (to $31.85), and the year-over-year increase decelerated to +5.5%. For all production and nonsupervisory employees (shown above), the tale was the same: hourly wages rose by $0.10, to $27.12 (+6.4% YoY). Since the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.6 hours, average weekly earnings rose (+$3.46) to $1,102.01 (+4.3% YoY). With the consumer price index running at an annual rate of +8.5% in March, the average worker keeps losing purchasing power. In fact, average hourly wages have lagged CPI since April 2021; average weekly wages since June 2021.

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* Full-time jobs fell (-651,000) to 132.1 million. Workers employed part time for economic reasons (shown in the graph above) -- e.g., slack work or business conditions, or could find only part-time work -- retreated by 137,000, along with those working part time for non-economic reasons (-44,000); multiple-job holders jumped by 169,000.

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For a “sanity test” of the job numbers, we consult employment withholding taxes published by the U.S. Treasury. Although “noisy” and highly seasonal, the data show the amount withheld in April decreased by $50.2 billion, to $254.2 billion (-16.5% MoM; +11.5% YoY). To reduce some of the monthly volatility and determine broader trends, we average the most recent three months of data and estimate a percentage change from the same months in the previous year; the average of the three months ending April was 9.5% above the year-earlier average.

The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Wednesday, May 4, 2022

April 2022 Monthly Average Crude Oil Price

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The monthly average U.S.-dollar price of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil dropped by $6.73 (-6.2%) to $101.78 per barrel in April. That decrease occurred within the context of a marginally stronger U.S. dollar (broad trade-weighted index basis -- goods and services), the lagged impacts of February’s rise of 705,000 barrels-per-day (BPD) in the amount of petroleum products demanded/supplied (to 20.4 million BPD, and accumulated oil stocks that have essentially “flat lined” below the bottom of the five-year-average range (April average: 416 million barrels).

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Selected highlights from the 29 April 2022 issue of OilPrice.com’s Oil & Energy Insider include:

Russia Cuts Poland and Bulgaria Gas Supply. Russia halted gas supplies to Poland and Bulgaria after the countries refused to open new bank accounts and pay for Gazprom deliveries in rubles, a decision that the European Commission denounced as blackmail.

OPEC+ Expected to Ram Through Another Agreement. Already in their second year of supply discipline, OPEC+ countries are expected to greenlight another 432,000 b/d monthly increase for June at their monthly 05 June meeting, even as Kazakhstan and Russia have been going down in terms of oil production.

Russia's Sakhalin-1 Goes into Force Majeure. The Sakhalin-1 project in the Russian Far East, producing some 270,000 b/d of crude, saw its operator ExxonMobil declare force majeure as it became increasingly difficult to ship crude from there.

US Congress Vows to Go After Oil Companies. US Democrats in Congress have accused domestic oil companies of gouging and profiteering off high gasoline prices, seeking to introduce legislation that would allow the US Federal Trade Commission to go after them and double the penalty to $2 million per day.

ExxonMobil Makes Three New Stabroek Discoveries. US oil major ExxonMobil made three new discoveries in offshore Guyana, namely Patwa, Barreleye, and Lukanani, taking the total recoverable resource of the Stabroek Block to 11 billion barrels.

No One Knows How To Pay for Russian Gas. Amidst the continent-wide confusion as to whether using Gazprombank accounts to pay for Russian gas breaches EU sanctions, Germany's economy ministry stated that if the companies declare that contracts have been fulfilled with the euro payment, it should not contradict the sanctions regime.

China to Cut Coal Import Tariffs to Zero. As domestic coal production reached an all-time high of 395 million tons in March, China scrapped import tariffs altogether from May 01 amidst unprecedentedly high global prices, potentially freeing up the way for more discounted Russian coal into the country. 

Shell Tightens Russia Restrictions on Crude Buying. UK energy major Shell revised its restrictions on buying Russian oil, stating that it would no longer accept products with any Russian content after rumors of an emerging 'Latvian Blend' stoked fears of tacit blending.

Germany Wants to Take Over Rosneft Refinery. Germany is preparing to take over the Schwedt refinery operated by Russia's state-owned oil company Rosneft, the only refinery remaining in the country that is running predominantly on Russian oil, in a drive to bring total imports to zero.

No Quick COVID Rebound Looming for China. Despite a five-day Labor Day coming up, China's crude demand is set to stay depressed as some 180 million residents remain under some form of lockdown, with gasoline and demand still more than 25% below year-ago levels and jet fuel demand down more than 50% year-on-year.

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For other oil-related headlines, see the 2 May 2022 edition of The Energy Bulletin Weekly.

The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

April 2022 ISM and Markit Surveys

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The Institute for Supply Management‘s (ISM) monthly sentiment survey for April 2022 reflected a slightly smaller proportion of U.S. manufacturers reporting expansion. The PMI registered 55.4%, a decrease of 1.7 percentage points (PP). (50% is the breakpoint between contraction and expansion.) ISM’s manufacturing survey represents under 10% of U.S. employment and about 20% of the overall economy. The subindexes for employment (-5.4PP), order backlogs (-4.0PP) and inventories (-3.9PP) exhibited the largest changes. Input price increases decelerated slightly (-2.5PP).

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The services sector -- which accounts for 80% of the economy and 90% of employment -- declined in April (-1.2PP, to 57.1%). Imports (+7.9PP), inventory sentiment (+6.5PP) and new orders (-5.5PP) saw the largest changes. Input prices again pushed higher (+0.8PP).

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All industries we track expanded. Respondent comments included the following:

Construction. “Mortgage rates have skyrocketed. While relatively low from a historical perspective, the new rates -- combined with historically high home prices -- will temper new home demand at some point over the next 12 months.”


IHS Markit‘s survey headline results were mixed relative to their ISM counterparts -- manufacturing: ISM fell while Markit rose; services: both ISM and Markit retreated.

Manufacturing. April PMI rises to seven-month high amid stronger demand, despite sharper price increases.

Key findings:

* Output growth quickens to fastest for nine months
* Inflationary pressures strengthen
* Stocks of purchases rise at series-record rate

 

Services. Sharp upturn in business activity, but inflationary pressures strengthen to record high.

Key findings:

* Output and new orders rise steeply despite growth easing
* Input costs and output charges increase at record paces
* Rate of job creation accelerates to strongest for a year

 

Commentary by Chris Williamson, Markit’s chief business economist:

Manufacturing. “After a slow start to the year, which saw production growth almost stall, the manufacturing sector is starting the second quarter on a much stronger footing. Demand from consumers and businesses is proving encouragingly robust despite severe inflationary pressures, which intensified further during April.

“Both input cost and selling price inflation surged higher, the latter accelerating to a near-record rate, as firms faced rising energy prices, ongoing supplier-driven price hikes amid strained supply chains, and rising wage costs.

“In short, while the survey data add to indications that the pace of economic growth will improve in the second quarter after a lackluster first quarter, the less welcome news is that elevated inflationary pressures show no signs of relenting.”

 

Services. “Alongside the acceleration in manufacturing growth recorded by the S&P Global PMI in April, the sustained solid performance of the service sector points to GDP growth returning in the second quarter.

“Although the service sector lost some momentum in April, this merely reflects payback from the surge in spending seen at the end of the first quarter, when Omicron-related virus containment measures were eased.

“It’s clear that growth could be even stronger if activity was not still being constrained by supply chain bottlenecks and labor availability issues. Domestic demand remains buoyant among both households and businesses in spite of current inflationary pressures, and exports are being boosted by pent-up pandemic demand as global travel restrictions are eased. Exports of services grew in April at the fastest rate since data were first collected in 2014.

“The consequence of demand running ahead of supply is higher prices, with average charges levied for services rising at a sharply increased and unprecedented rate in April following a record increase in firms’ costs. Enjoying strong demand, firms were increasingly able to pass on higher energy, materials and staff costs to customers, indicating an economy that continues to run hot.”

The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Tuesday, May 3, 2022

March 2022 Manufacturers’ Shipments, Inventories, and New & Unfilled Orders

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According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the value of manufactured-goods shipments in March increased $12.6 billion or 2.3 percent to $556.4 billion. Durable goods shipments increased $3.8 billion or 1.4 percent to $274.8 billion, led by transportation equipment. Meanwhile, nondurable goods shipments increased $8.8 billion or 3.2 percent to $281.5 billion, led by petroleum and coal products. Shipments of wood products were unchanged; paper: +0.1%.

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Inventories increased $10.4 billion or 1.3 percent to $797.6 billion. The inventories-to-shipments ratio was 1.43, down from 1.45 in February. Inventories of durable goods increased $3.8 billion or 0.8 percent to $483.4 billion, led by transportation equipment. Nondurable goods inventories increased $6.6 billion or 2.2 percent to $314.1 billion, led by petroleum and coal products. Inventories of wood products expanded by 0.8%; paper: +0.2%.

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New orders increased $11.8 billion or 2.2 percent to $557.3 billion. Excluding transportation, new orders rose by $11.4 billion or 2.5% (+14.4% YoY). Durable goods orders increased $3.0 billion or 1.1 percent to $275.8 billion, led by computers and electronic products. New orders for non-defense capital goods excluding aircraft -- a proxy for business investment spending -- rose by $1.0 billion or 1.3% (+10.3% YoY). New orders for nondurable goods increased $8.8 billion or 3.2 percent to $281.5 billion.

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Unfilled durable-goods orders increased $5.5 billion or 0.4 percent to $1,294.8 billion, led by transportation equipment. The unfilled orders-to-shipments ratio was 6.72, down from 6.74 in February. Real (inflation-adjusted) unfilled orders, which -- prior to the pandemic -- had been a good litmus test for potential sector growth, show a less-positive picture; in real terms, unfilled orders in June 2014 were back to 103% of their December 2008 peak. Real unfilled orders then jumped to 111% of the prior peak in November 2014, thanks to the largest-ever batch of aircraft orders. However, except for the year-long run up during 2019, real unfilled orders have been trending lower since November 2014.

The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.

Monday, May 2, 2022

April 2022 Currency Exchange Rates

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In April, the monthly average value of the U.S. dollar (USD) depreciated versus Canada’s “loonie” (-0.3%) but appreciated against the euro (+2.0%) and the Japanese yen (+6.6%). On the broad trade-weighted index basis (goods and services) the USD strengthened by 0.8% against a basket of 26 currencies. 

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The foregoing comments represent the general economic views and analysis of Delphi Advisors, and are provided solely for the purpose of information, instruction and discourse. They do not constitute a solicitation or recommendation regarding any investment.